Sociology Major
The study of human interaction in society and groups
Students who are interested in social issues might consider a major in sociology, or the study of human interaction in society and groups.
What is a sociology major? Sociology is the study of how human beings interact in society and in groups of all kinds, including families, organizations, prisons, schools, and social groups. Sociology revolves around the assumption that human behavior cannot be understood solely by looking at an individual’s behavior. Although human beings have free will, our decisions and perceptions are impacted strongly by our interactions with other people (family, peers, authority figures), institutions (education, religion, political systems, the media, the law, the military), demographic factors (race, gender, class, age, religion), and other social factors (the cycle of poverty, domestic violence, environmental problems).
In some ways, sociology can be described as the flip side to psychology, which positions the individual as the starting place for scholarly inquiry. In contrast, sociology positions society as the starting place for scholarly inquiry.
What kinds of classes do sociology majors take? Sociology is a broad field, and departmental courses offerings vary. Sociology classes focus on a diverse array of topics, including family, social stratification (the study of class and social inequality), poverty, gerontology (the study of aging and the elderly), criminology, social networks, the military, and the sociology of race and gender. Some sociology departments offer courses and sometimes a major in criminal justice. Many contemporary sociologists focus on cultural sociology, or the study of how cultural values, ideologies, and belief systems impact social systems. Most sociology majors are required to take research methods classes and learn how to perform basic sociological research.
What careers are available to sociology majors? Sociology offers a broad liberal arts background that can lend itself to many different career options. Many sociology majors are drawn to careers in the nonprofit sector, sometimes within the structure of these organizations, and sometimes in hands-on roles helping youth, the elderly, the handicapped, and others who need assistance. Others find work at government or independent agencies that are focused on social issues such as rehabilitation, job training, housing, substance abuse, domestic violence, and parenting. In the corporate world, sociology majors gravitate towards careers in human relations and in improving organizational cultures. Many jobs in this area also require a master’s degree in social work.
Next: Read about other college majors such as communication, political science, and linguistics, or read about how to have an effective study group.
